The Map-Labeling Bibliography - Sorted by Date


[Alvim and Taillard, 2009]
Adriana C. F. Alvim and Éric D. Taillard. POPMUSIC for the point feature label placement. European J. Oper. Res., 192(2):396-413, 2009. (PDF)

[Been et al., 2009]
Ken Been, Martin Nöllenburg, Sheung-Hung Poon, and Alexander Wolff. Optimizing active ranges for consistent dynamic map labeling. Comput. Geom. Theory Appl., 2009. Appeared online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comgeo.2009.03.006. (PDF)

[Erlebach et al., 2009]
Thomas Erlebach, Torben Hagerup, Klaus Jansen, Moritz Minzlaff, and Alexander Wolff. Trimming of graphs, with application to point labeling. Theory Comput. Systems, 2009. Appeared online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00224-009-9184-8. (PDF)

[Been et al., 2008a]
Ken Been, Martin Nöllenburg, Sheung-Hung Poon, and Alexander Wolff. Optimizing active ranges for consistent dynamic map labeling. In Proc. 24th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'08), pages 10-19, 2008. (PDF)

[Been et al., 2008b]
Ken Been, Martin Nöllenburg, Sheung-Hung Poon, and Alexander Wolff. Optimizing active ranges for consistent dynamic map labeling. In Proc. 24th European Workshop on Computational Geometry (EuroCG'08), pages 55-58, Nancy, 2008. (PDF)

[Cipriano and Gleicher, 2008]
Gregory Cipriano and Michael Gleicher. Text scaffolds for effective surface labeling. IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comput. Graphics, 14(6):1675-1682, 2008. (PDF)

[do Nascimento and Eades, 2008]
Hugo A. D. do Nascimento and Peter Eades. User hints for map labeling. J. Visual Languages & Comput., 19(1):39-74, 2008.

[Erlebach et al., 2008]
Thomas Erlebach, Torben Hagerup, Klaus Jansen, Moritz Minzlaff, and Alexander Wolff. Trimming of graphs, with an application to point labeling. In Susanne Albers and Pascal Weil, editors, Proc. 25th Internat. Sympos. Theoretical Aspects Comput. Sci. (STACS'08), pages 265-276, Bordeaux, 2008. (PDF)

[Götzelmann, 2008]
Timo Götzelmann. Correlating Illustrations and Text through Interactive Annotation. PhD thesis, Institut für Simulation und Graphik, Universität Magdeburg, February 2008.

[Luboschik et al., 2008]
Martin Luboschik, Heidrun Schumann, and Hilko Cords. Particle-based labeling: Fast point-feature labeling without obscuring other visual features. IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comput. Graphics, 14(6):1237-1244, 2008.

[Ooms and de Maeyer, 2008]
Kristien Ooms and Philippe de Maeyer. Mogelijkheden en beperkingen van dynamische tekstplaatsing. Geo-Info, 5(5), 2008. (PDF)

[Ribeiro and Lorena, 2008]
Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro and Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena. Lagrangean relaxation with clusters for point-feature cartographic label placement problems. Comput. Oper. Res., 35(7):2129-2140, 2008.

[Bekos et al., 2007a]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, and Antonios Symvonis. Labeling collinear sites. In Proc. Asia-Pacific IEEE Symp. Information Visualization (APVIS'07), pages 45-51, 2007.

[Bekos et al., 2007b]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Antonios Symvonis, and Alexander Wolff. Boundary labeling: Models and efficient algorithms for rectangular maps. Comput. Geom. Theory Appl., 36(3):215-236, 2007. (PDF)

[Cravo et al., 2007]
Gildásio Lecchi Cravo, Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro, and Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena. A greedy randomized adaptive search procedure for the point-feature cartographic label placement. Comput. Geosci., 34(4):373-386, 2007. (PDF)

[Götzelmann et al., 2007]
Timo Götzelmann, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Annotation of animated 3d objects. In Proc. 18th Conf. Simulation and Visualization (SimVis'07), 2007. (PDF)

[Hao-Jen Kao, 2007]
Hsu-Chen Yen Hao-Jen Kao, Chun-Cheng Lin. Many-to-one boundary labeling. In Proc. Asia-Pacific IEEE Sympos. on Visualisation (APVIS'07), pages 65-72, 2007.

[Maass and Döllner, 2007]
Stefan Maass and Jürgen Döllner. Embedded labels for line features in interactive 3D virtual environments. In Proc. 5th Internat. ACM Conf. Computer Graphics, Virtual Reality, Visualization and Interaction in Africa (AFRIGRAPH'07), pages 53-59, 2007.

[Maass et al., 2007a]
Stefan Maass, Markus Jobst, and Jürgen Döllner. Depth cue of occlusion information as criterion for the quality of annotation placement in perspective views. In Sara Irina Fabrikant and Monica Wachowicz, editors, The European Information Society -- Leading the Way with Geo-Information, Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, pages 473-486. Springer-Verlag, 2007.

[Maass et al., 2007b]
Stefan Maass, Markus Jobst, and Jürgen Döllner. Use of depth cues for the annotation of 3D geo-virtual environments. In Proc. 23rd Internat. Cartographic Conf. (ICC'07), Moscow, Russia, 2007.

[Mote, 2007]
Kevin D. Mote. Fast point-feature label placement for dynamic visualizations. Information Visualization, 6(4):249-260, 2007. (PDF)

[Ooms and Maeyer, 2007]
Kristien Ooms and Philippe De Maeyer. Cartografische implementatie van de ITGI. Technical report, Vakgroep Geografie, Universiteit Gent, 2007. (PDF)

[Ribeiro and Lorena, 2007]
Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro and Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena. Lagrangean relaxation with clusters for point-feature cartographic label placement problems. Computers and Operations Research, 2007. To appear. (PDF)

[Been et al., 2006]
Ken Been, Eli Daiches, and Chee Yap. Dynamic map labeling. IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comput. Graphics, 12(5):773-780, 2006. (PDF)

[Bekos and Symvonis, 2006]
Michael Bekos and Antonios Symvonis. Bler: A boundary labeller for technical drawings. In Patrick Healy and Nikola S. Nikolov, editors, Proc. Symp. 13th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'05), volume 3843 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 503-504. Springer-Verlag, 2006. poster. (PDF)

[Bekos et al., 2006a]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Ekaterini Potika, and Antonios Symvonis. On multi-stack boundary labeling problems. In Nikos Mastorakis, editor, Proc. 10th WSEAS Internat. Conf. on Computers (CSCC'06), pages 2602-2608, 2006. (PDF)

[Bekos et al., 2006b]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Katerina Potika, and Antonios Symvonis. Mutli-stack boundary labeling problems. In S. Arun-Kumar and N. Garg, editors, Proc. 26th Conf. Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS'06), volume 4337 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 81-92. Springer-Verlag, 2006. (PDF)

[Bekos et al., 2006c]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Katerina Potika, and Antonios Symvonis. Polygon labelling of minimum leader length. In Misue Kazuo, Sugiyama Kozo, and Tanaka Jiro, editors, Proc. Asia-Pacific Symp. Information Visualization (APVIS'06), volume 60 of Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology, pages 15-21. Australian Computer Society, Inc., 2006. (PDF)

[Erlebach et al., 2006]
Thomas Erlebach, Torben Hagerup, Klaus Jansen, Moritz Minzlaff, and Alexander Wolff. A new approximation algorithm for labeling weighted points with sliding labels. In Proc. 22nd European Workshop Comput. Geom. (EWCG'06), pages 137-140, Delphi, 2006. (PDF)

[Fuchs et al., 2006]
Georg Fuchs, Martin Luboschik, Knut Hartmann, Kamran Ali, Heidrun Schumann, and Thomas Strothotte. Adaptive labeling on mobile devices using remote service infrastructures. In 10th Internat. Conf. on Information Visualisation (IV'06), London, UK, 5-7 June 2006. IEEE Computer Society.

[Götzelmann et al., 2006a]
Timo Götzelmann, Marcel Götze, Kamran Ali, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Practical illustration of texts: Customized search, view selection, and annotation. In Mensch & Computer: Mensch und Computer im Strukturwandel, 2006.

[Götzelmann et al., 2006b]
Timo Götzelmann, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Agent-based annotation of interactive 3d visualizations. In A. Butz, B. Fisher, A. Krüger, and P. Olivier, editors, 6th Internat. Symp. on Smart Graphics, 23-25 July 2006.

[Götzelmann et al., 2006c]
Timo Götzelmann, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Contextual grouping of labels. In T. Schulze, G. Horton, B. Preim, and S. Schlechtweg, editors, Simulation and Visualization, Erlangen, 2006. Society for Computer Simulation Internat.

[Jiang, 2006]
Minghui Jiang. A new approximation algorithm for labeling points with circle pairs. Inform. Process. Lett., 99(4):125-129, 2006.

[Lorena and Ribeiro, 2006]
Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena and Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro. Heuristics for cartographic label placement problems. Computers and GeoSciences, 32(6):739-748, 2006. (PDF)

[Maass and Döllner, 2006a]
Stefan Maass and Jürgen Döllner. Dynamic annotation of interactive environments using object-integrated billboards. In Joaquim Jorge and Vaclav Skala, editors, Proc. 14th Internat. Conf. in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision (WSCG'06), pages 327-334, Plzen, Czech Republic, 2006. (PDF)

[Maass and Döllner, 2006b]
Stefan Maass and Jürgen Döllner. Efficient view management for dynamic annotation placement in virtual landscapes. In Andreas Butz, Brian Fischer, Antonio Krüger, and Patrick Oliver, editors, Proc. 6th Intnat. Sympos. Smart Graphics (SG'06), volume 4073 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 1-12. Springer-Verlag, 2006.

[Ribeiro and Lorena, 2006]
Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro and Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena. Lagrangean relaxation bounds for point-feature cartographic label placement problem. Pesquisa Operacional, 26(3):459-471, 2006. (PDF)

[Zhang and Harrie, 2006]
Qingnian Zhang and Lars Harrie. Placing text and icon labels simultaneously: A real-time method. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 33(1):53-64, 2006.

[Zhu and Jiang, 2006]
Binhai Zhu and Minghui Jiang. A combinatorial theorem for labeling squares with points and its application. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 11(4):411-420, 2006.

[Ali, 2005]
Kamran Ali. Automated realtime label layout for 3d illustrations. Master's thesis, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Department of Simulation and Graphics, 2005.

[Ali et al., 2005]
Kamran Ali, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Label layout for interactive 3D illustrations. Journal of the WSCG, 13(1):1-8, 2005. (13th Internat. Conf. in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision WSCG'05).

[Alvim and Taillard, 2005a]
Adriana C. F. Alvim and Éric D. Taillard. POPMUSIC for the point feature label placement. In Proc. Fifth Metaheuristics Internat. Conf. (MIC'05), 2005.

[Alvim and Taillard, 2005b]
Adriana C. F. Alvim and Éric D. Taillard. POPMUSIC for the point feature label placement. Technical report, HEIG-VD and ITA/IEC, São José dos Campos, Brazil, 2005. (PDF)

[Bekos et al., 2005a]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Katerina Potika, and Antonios Symvonis. Boundary labelling of optimal total leader length. In Panagiotis Bozanis and Elias Houstis, editors, Proc. 10th Panhellenic Conf. on Informatics (PCI'05), volume 3746 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 80-89. Springer-Verlag, 2005. (PDF)

[Bekos et al., 2005b]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Antonios Symvonis, and Alexander Wolff. Boundary labeling: Models and efficient algorithms for rectangular maps. In János Pach, editor, Proc. 12th Internat. Sympos. on Graph Drawing (GD'04), volume 3383 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 49-59. Springer-Verlag, 2005. (PDF)

[Binucci et al., 2005]
Carla Binucci, Walter Didimo, Giuseppe Liotta, and Maddalena Nonato. Orthogonal drawings of graphs with vertex and edge labels. Comput. Geom. Theory Appl., 32(2):71-114, 2005.

[Bradstreet et al., 2005]
Lucas Bradstreet, Luigi Barone, and Lyndon While. Map-labelling with a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm. In Proceedings Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conf. (GECCO'05), pages 1937-1944. ACM Press, 2005. (PDF)

[Chen et al., 2005]
Yu-Shin Chen, D. T. Lee, and Chung-Shou Liao. Labeling points on a single line. Internat. J. Comput. Geom. Appl., 15(3):261-277, 2005.

[Ebner et al., 2005]
Dietmar Ebner, Gunnar W. Klau, and René Weiskircher. Label number maximization in the slider model. In János Pach, editor, Proc. 12th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'04), volume 3383 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 144-154. Springer-Verlag, 2005.

[Erlebach et al., 2005]
Thomas Erlebach, Klaus Jansen, and Eike Seidel. Polynomial-time approximation schemes for geometric intersection graphs. SIAM J. Comput., 34(6):1302-1323, 2005.

[Götzelmann et al., 2005a]
Timo Götzelmann, Kamran Ali, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Adaptive labeling for illustrations. In E. Wu, D. Manocha, and C. Gotsman, editors, Proc. 13th Pacific Conf. Computer Graphics and Applications, pages 64-66, 196, 12-14 October 2005.

[Götzelmann et al., 2005b]
Timo Götzelmann, Kamran Ali, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Form follows function: Aesthetic interactive labels. In L. Neumann, M. Sbert, B. Gooch, and W. Purgathofer, editors, Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization and Imaging. Eurographics Association, 2005.

[Götzelmann et al., 2005c]
Timo Götzelmann, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Labeling agents. Technical Report 11/2005, Department of Computer Science, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, December 2005.

[Harrie et al., 2005]
Lars Harrie, Hanna Stigmar, Tommi Koivula, and Lassi Lehto. An algorithm for icon labelling on a real-time map. In Peter F. Fisher, editor, Proc. 11th Internat. Symp. Spatial Data Handling (SDH'05), pages 493-507, 2005.

[Hartmann et al., 2005]
Knut Hartmann, Timo Götzelmann, Kamran Ali, and Thomas Strothotte. Metrics for functional and aesthetic label layouts. In Andreas Butz, B. Fisher, Antonio Krüger, and Patrick Olivier, editors, Proc. 5th Internat. Symp. on Smart Graphics, volume 3638 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 115-126. Springer-Verlag, 22-24 May 2005.

[Hering and Duverger, 2005]
Horst Hering and Alain Duverger. Development of a mathematical weighted formula to eliminate the overlapping of aircraft labels on the ATC radar display. Technical Report 028, Eurocontrol Experimental Centre, September 2005. (PDF)

[Jiang, 2005]
Minghui Jiang. Map Labeling with Circles. PhD thesis, Department of Computer Science, Montana State University, April 2005. (PDF)

[Minzlaff, 2005]
Moritz Minzlaff. Beschriften gewichteter Punkte mit verschiebbaren Labeln. Studienarbeit, Fakultät für Informatik, Universität Karlsruhe, March 2005. Available at url http://i11www.ira.uka.de/teaching/theses/files/studienarbeit-minzlaff-05.pdf. (PDF)

[Müller, 2005]
Sebastian Müller. Automatic chart labeling. Master's thesis, Institut für Informatik, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, October 2005.

[Müller and Schödl, 2005]
Sebastian Müller and Arno Schödl. A smart algorithm for column chart labeling. In Andreas Butz, Brian Fisher, Antonio Krüger, and Patrick Olivier, editors, Proc. Smart Graphics (SG'05), volume 3638 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 127-137. Springer-Verlag, 2005.

[Poon and Shin, 2005]
Sheung-Hung Poon and Chan-Su Shin. Adaptive zooming in point set labeling. In M. Liskiewicz and R. Reischuk, editors, Proc. 15th Internat. Sympos. Fundam. Comput. Theory (FCT'05), volume 3623 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 233-244. Springer-Verlag, 2005.

[Rostamabadi and Ghodsi, 2005]
Farshad Rostamabadi and Mohammad Ghodsi. An efficient algorithm for label updating in 2PM model to avoid a moving object. In Proc. 21st European Workshop Comput. Geom. (EWCG'05), pages 131-134, 9-11 March 2005. (PDF)

[Wong et al., 2005]
Pak Chung Wong, Patrick Mackey, Ken Perrine, James Eagan, Harlan Foote, and Jim Thomas. Dynamic visualization of graphs with extended labels. In Proc. IEEE Symp. Information Visualization (InfoVis'05), pages 73-80, 2005.

[Yamamoto and Lorena, 2005]
Missae Yamamoto and Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena. A constructive genetic approach to point-feature cartographic label placement. In T. Ibaraki, K. Nonobe, and M. Yagiura, editors, Metaheuristics: Progress as Real Problem Solvers, pages 285-300. Kluwer, 2005.

[Bekos et al., 2004]
Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Antonios Symvonis, and Alexander Wolff. Boundary labeling: Models and efficient algorithms for rectangular maps. Technical Report 2004-15, Fakultät für Informatik, Universität Karlsruhe, 2004. Available at url http://digbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/volltexte/1000001841. (PDF)

[Chan, 2004]
Timothy M. Chan. A note on maximum independent sets in rectangle intersection graphs. Inform. Process. Lett., 89(1):19-23, 2004. (PDF)

[Götzelmann, 2004]
Timo Götzelmann. Interaktive Visualisierung interner Beschriftungen in 3D-Oberflächenmodellen. Master's thesis, Fachhochschule Fulda, Fachbereich Angewandte Informatik und Mathematik, 2004.

[Hartmann et al., 2004]
Knut Hartmann, Kamran Ali, and Thomas Strothotte. Floating labels: Applying dynamic potential fields for label layout. In Andreas Butz, Antonio Krüger, and Patrick Olivier, editors, Proc. 4th Internat. Symp. on Smart Graphics, volume 3031 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 101-113. Springer-Verlag, 23-25 May 2004.

[Jiang et al., 2004]
Minghui Jiang, Sergey Bereg, Zhongping Qin, and Binhai Zhu. New bounds on map labeling with circular labels. In Rudolf Fleischer and Gerhard Trippen, editors, Proc. 15th Annu. Internat. Sympos. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC'04), volume 3341 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 606-617. Springer-Verlag, 2004.

[Jung, 2004]
Joo-Won Jung. Automatic Label Placement on Points. PhD thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, November 2004.

[Jung and Chwa, 2004]
Joo-Won Jung and Kyung-Yong Chwa. Labeling points with given rectangles. Inform. Process. Lett., 89(3):115-121, 2004.

[Lorena and Ribeiro, 2004]
Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena and Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro. A lagrangean/surrogate approach to point-feature cartographic label placement. In Proc. 20th European Conf. Oper. Res. (EUROXX), 4-7 July 2004.

[Petzold et al., 2004]
Ingo Petzold, Gerhard Gröger, and Lutz Plümer. Modeling of conflicts for screen map labeling. In Proc. 20th ISPRS Congress, volume 34, Part B4 of Internat. Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Istanbul, 2004. (PDF)

[Rostamabadi and Ghodsi, 2004]
Farshad Rostamabadi and Mohammad Ghodsi. A fast algorithm for updating a labeling to avoid a moving point. In Proc. 16th Canadian Conf. on Computational Geometry (CCCG'04), pages 204-208, 2004. (PDF)

[Roy et al., 2004]
Sasanka Roy, Partha P. Goswami, Sandip Das, and Subhas C. Nandy. Optimal algorithm for a special point-labeling problem. Inform. Process. Lett., 89(2):91-98, 2004.

[Taillard and Burri, 2004]
Éric D. Taillard and Gregory Burri. POPMUSIC pour le placement de légende sur des plans. In É. D. Taillard, Ph. Waelti, and M. Widmer, editors, Actes de Francoro 4, pages 95-97, 2004. (PDF)

[van Kreveld et al., 2004]
Marc van Kreveld, Étienne Schramm, and Alexander Wolff. Algorithms for the placement of diagrams on maps. In Dieter Pfoder, Isabel F. Cruz, and Marc Ronthaler, editors, Proc. 12th Internat. Symp. ACM GIS (GIS'04), pages 222-231, 12-13 November 2004. (PDF)

[Zhang and Harrie, 2004]
Qingnian Zhang and Lars Harrie. Real-time map labelling for personal navigation. In Proc. 12th Internat. Conf. Geoinformatics, pages 39-46, 2004.

[Azuma and Furmanski, 2003]
Ronald Azuma and Chris Furmanski. Evaluating label placement for augmented reality view management. In ISMAR, pages 66-75, 2003.

[Chen, 2003]
Yu-Shin Chen. Labeling points on a single line. Master's thesis, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, June 2003.

[do Nascimento and Eades, 2003]
Hugo A. D. do Nascimento and Peter Eades. User hints for map labelling. In Proc. 26th Australasian Computer Science Conf., ACM Internat. Conf. Proceeding Series, pages 339-347, 2003. (PDF)

[Dörschlag et al., 2003]
Dirk Dörschlag, Ingo Petzold, and Lutz Plümer. Placing objects automatically in areas of maps. In Proc. 23rd Internat. Cartographic Conf. (ICC'03), pages 269-275, Durban, South Africa, 2003. (PDF)

[Duncan et al., 2003]
Rob Duncan, Jianbo Qian, Antoine Vigneron, and Binhai Zhu. Polynomial time algorithms for three-label point labeling. Theoret. Comput. Sci., 296(1):75-87, 2003.

[Ebner et al., 2003]
Dietmar Ebner, Gunnar W. Klau, and René Weiskircher. Force-based label number maximization. Technical Report TR-186-1-03-02, Institut für Computergraphik und Algorithmen, Technische Universität Wien, June 2003. (PDF)

[Iturriaga and Lubiw, 2003]
Claudia Iturriaga and Anna Lubiw. Elastic labels around the perimeter of a map. J. Algorithms, 47(1):14-39, 2003.

[Jiang et al., 2003]
Minguhui Jiang, Jianbo Qian, Zhongping Qin, Binhai Zhu, and Robert Cimikowski. A simple factor-3 approximation for labeling points with circles. Inform. Process. Lett., 87(2):101-105, 2003.

[Jung and Chwa, 2003]
Joo-Won Jung and Kyung-Yong Chwa. Labeling points with given rectangles. Technical report, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 2003. (PDF)

[Kakoulis and Tollis, 2003]
Konstantinos G. Kakoulis and Ioannis G. Tollis. A unified approach to automatic label placement. Internat. J. Comput. Geom. Appl., 13(1):23-59, 2003.

[Kameda and Imai, 2003]
Takayuki Kameda and Keiko Imai. Map label placement for points and curves. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications & Comput. Sci., E86-A(4):835-840, April 2003. (PDF)

[Kämpke, 2003]
Thomas Kämpke. Label placement for dynamic objects. Machine Graphics & Vision Internat. Journal, 12(2):215-234, 2003.

[Klau and Mutzel, 2003a]
Gunnar W. Klau and Petra Mutzel. Automatic layout and labelling of state diagrams. In W. Jäger and H.-J. Krebs, editors, Mathematics--Key Technology for the Future, pages 584-608. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2003. (PDF)

[Klau and Mutzel, 2003b]
Gunnar W. Klau and Petra Mutzel. Optimal labeling of point features in rectangular labeling models. Mathematical Programming (Series B), pages 435-458, 2003.

[Morgenstern and Ellsiepen, 2003]
D. Morgenstern and M. Ellsiepen. Labelling urban areas - formalisation and automation. In Proc. 23rd Internat. Cartographic Conf. (ICC'03), pages 277-286, Durban, South Africa, 2003.

[Petzold et al., 2003]
Ingo Petzold, Gerhard Gröger, and Lutz Plümer. Fast screen map labeling--data-structures and algorithms. In Proc. 23rd Internat. Cartographic Conf. (ICC'03), pages 288-298, Durban, South Africa, 2003. (PDF)

[Poon et al., 2003]
Sheung-Hung Poon, Chan-Su Shin, Tycho Strijk, Takeaki Uno, and Alexander Wolff. Labeling points with weights. Algorithmica, 38(2):341-362, 2003. (PDF)

[Ritter et al., 2003]
Felix Ritter, Henry Sonnet, Knut Hartmann, and Thomas Strothotte. Illustrative shadows: Integrating 3d and 2d information displays. In Proceedings of Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI'03), pages 166-173, 12-15 January 2003.

[Rostamabadi and Ghodsi, 2003]
Farshad Rostamabadi and Mohammad Ghodsi. Unit height k-position map labeling. In Proc. 19th European Workshop Comput. Geom. (EWCG'03), March 2003. (PostScript)

[Yamamoto and Lorena, 2003]
Missae Yamamoto and Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena. A constructive genetic approach to point-feature cartographic label placement. In Proc. Fifth Metaheuristics Internat. Conf. (MIC'03), pages 84/1-7, 25-28 August 2003. (PDF)

[Abe et al., 2002]
N. Abe, S. Masuda, and K. Yamaguchi. An algorithm for labeling edges in a graph drawing. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications & Comput. Sci., J85-A(3):306-314, 2002. In Japanese.

[Bach et al., 2002]
Katharina Bach, Kristina Hanig, Tim Hoffmann, Wolfgang Kresse, Julia Löcherbach, Paul Rosenthal, Steffen Rudnick, Peter Schreiber, Michael Thon, and Alexander Wolff. Beschriftungsalgorithmen in Theorie & Praxis. Technical Report 13/2002, Institut für Mathematik und Informatik, Universität Greifswald, April 2002. Available at url http://www.math-inf.uni-greifswald.de/preprints/shadow/wolff02_13.rdf.html. (PDF)

[Binucci et al., 2002]
Carla Binucci, Walter Didimo, Giuseppe Liotta, and Maddalena Nonato. Labeling heuristics for orthogonal drawings. In Petra Mutzel, Michael Jünger, and Sebastian Leipert, editors, Proc. Symp. 9th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'01), volume 2265 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 139-153. Springer-Verlag, 2002.

[Doddi et al., 2002]
Srinivas Doddi, Madhav V. Marathe, and Bernard M.E. Moret. Point set labeling with specified positions. Internat. J. Comput. Geom. Appl., 12(1-2):29-66, 2002. (PDF)

[Qin and Zhu, 2002]
Zhongping Qin and Binhai Zhu. A factor-2 approximation for labeling points with maximum sliding labels. In Martti Penttonen and Erik Meineche Schmidt, editors, Proc. 8th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory (SWAT'02), volume 2368 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 100-109. Springer-Verlag, 3-5 July 2002. (PDF)

[Reyes, 2002]
Pedro Reyes. Problemas de Etiquetado: Complejidad Computacional. PhD thesis, Departamento de Matemática Aplicada I, Universidad de Sevilla, 2002.

[Roy et al., 2002]
Sasanka Roy, Partha P. Goswami, Sandip Das, and Subhas C. Nandy. Optimal algorithm for a special point-labeling problem. In M. Penttonen and E. Meineche Schmidt, editors, Proc. 8th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory (SWAT'02), volume 2368 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 110-120. Springer-Verlag, 2002.

[Schreyer and Raidl, 2002]
Michael Schreyer and Günther R. Raidl. Letting ants labeling point features. In D. Fogel et al., editor, Proc. IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'02), pages 1564-1569. IEEE Press, 2002. (PDF)

[Spriggs and Keil, 2002]
Michael J. Spriggs and J. Mark Keil. A new bound for map labeling with uniform circle pairs. Inform. Process. Lett., 81(1):47-53, 2002.

[Strijk and van Kreveld, 2002]
Tycho Strijk and Marc van Kreveld. Practical extensions of point labeling in the slider model. GeoInformatica, 6(2):181-197, 2002.

[van Dijk et al., 2002]
Steven van Dijk, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Towards an evaluation of quality for names placement methods. Internat. J. Geograph. Inform. Sci., 16(7):641-661, 2002. (PDF)

[Wolff et al., 2002]
Alexander Wolff, Michael Thon, and Yinfeng Xu. A simple factor-2/3 approximation algorithm for two-circle point labeling. Internat. J. Comput. Geom. Appl., 12(4):269-281, 2002. (PDF)

[Yamamoto et al., 2002]
Missae Yamamoto, Gilberto Cam^aara, and Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena. Tabu search heuristic for point-feature cartographic label placement. GeoInformatica, 6(1):77-90, 2002. (PDF)

[Zhu and Qin, 2002]
Binhai Zhu and Zhongping Qin. New approximation algorithms for map labeling with sliding labels. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 6(1):99-110, 2002. (PDF)

[Bell et al., 2001]
Blaine Bell, Steven Feiner, and Tobias Höllerer. View management for virtual and augmented reality. In ACM Sympos. on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST'01), pages 101-110, 11-14 November 2001. (PDF)

[Berman et al., 2001]
Piotr Berman, Bhaskar DasGupta, S. Muthukrishnan, and Suneeta Ramaswami. Efficient approximation algorithm for tiling and packing problems with rectangles. J. Algorithms, 41(2):443-470, 2001.

[Duncan et al., 2001]
Rob Duncan, Jianbo Qian, and Binhai Zhu. Polynomial time algorithms for three-label point labeling. In Proc. 7th Annual Internat. Computing and Combinatorics Conf. (COCOON'01), volume 2108 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 191-200. Springer-Verlag, 20-23 August 2001.

[Erlebach et al., 2001]
Thomas Erlebach, Klaus Jansen, and Eike Seidel. Polynomial-time approximation schemes for geometric graphs. In Proc. 12th ACM-SIAM Sympos. on Discrete Algorithms (SODA'01), pages 671-679, 7-9 January 2001. (PostScript)

[Garrido et al., 2001a]
Mari Ángeles Garrido, Claudia Iturriaga, Alberto Márquez, José Ramon Portillo, Pedro Reyes, and Alexander Wolff. Labeling subway lines. In Peter Eades and Tadao Takaoka, editors, Proc. 12th Annu. Internat. Sympos. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC'01), volume 2223 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 649-659. Springer-Verlag, 2001. (PDF)

[Garrido et al., 2001b]
Mari Ángeles Garrido, Alberto Márquez, Claudia Iturriaga, José Ramon Portillo, Pedro Reyes, and Alexander Wolff. Etiquetado de puntos alineados. In Proc. IX Encuentros de Geometría Computacional (EGC'01), pages 285-294, 2-4 July 2001. (PostScript)

[Kakoulis and Tollis, 2001]
Konstantinos G. Kakoulis and Ioannis G. Tollis. On the complexity of the edge label placement problem. Comput. Geom. Theory Appl., 18(1):1-17, 2001.

[Kameda and Imai, 2001]
Takayuki Kameda and Keiko Imai. Experimental performances for labeling problems. IPSJ SIG Notes, (7):59-64, 2001. In Japanese.

[Kim et al., 2001]
Sung Kwon Kim, Chan-Su Shin, and Tae-Cheon Yang. Labeling a rectilinear map with sliding labels. Internat. J. Comput. Geom. Appl., 11(2):167-179, 2001. (PDF)

[Klau, 2001]
Gunnar W. Klau. A Combinatorial Approach to Orthogonal Placement Problems. PhD thesis, Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultä I, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, September 2001. (PDF)

[Leeflang, 2001]
Gerrit Leeflang. Cartografie in stroomversnelling. Newspaper article in De Telegraaf, 20 January 2001.

[Nakano et al., 2001]
Shin-ichi Nakano, Takao Nishizeki, Takeshi Tokuyama, and Shuhei Watanabe. Labeling points with rectangles of various shapes. In Proc. Symp. 8th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'00), volume 1984 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 91-102. Springer-Verlag, 2001.

[Neyer, 2001]
Gabriele Neyer. Map labeling with application to graph drawing. In Dorothea Wagner and Michael Kaufmann, editors, Drawing Graphs: Methods and Models, volume 2025 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 247-273. Springer-Verlag, 2001. (PDF)

[Ohtsuka and Imai, 2001]
Yoshihito Ohtsuka and Keiko Imai. Node label placement problems with leader lines. IPSJ SIG Notes, (7):53-58, 2001. In Japanese.

[Poon et al., 2001a]
Sheung-Hung Poon, Chan-Su Shin, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Labeling points with weights. In Proc. 17th European Workshop Comput. Geom. (CG'01), pages 97-100, 26-28 March 2001. (PDF)

[Poon et al., 2001b]
Sheung-Hung Poon, Chan-Su Shin, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Labeling points with weights. In Peter Eades and Tadao Takaoka, editors, Proc. 12th Annu. Internat. Sympos. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC'01), volume 2223 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 610-622. Springer-Verlag, 19-21 December 2001. (PDF)

[Poon et al., 2001c]
Sheung-Hung Poon, Chan-Su Shin, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Labeling points with weights. Technical Report 7/2001, Institut für Mathematik und Informatik, Universität Greifswald, May 2001. (PDF)

[Strijk, 2001]
Tycho Strijk. Geometric Algorithms for Cartographic Label Placement. PhD thesis, Utrecht University, Department of Computer Science, January 2001. (PDF)

[Strijk and Wolff, 2001]
Tycho Strijk and Alexander Wolff. Labeling points with circles. Internat. J. Comput. Geom. Appl., 11(2):181-195, April 2001. (PDF)

[van Dijk, 2001]
Steven van Dijk. Genetic Algorithms for Map Labeling. PhD thesis, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, November 2001. (PDF)

[van Dijk et al., 2001]
Steven van Dijk, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Towards an evaluation of quality for names placement methods. Technical Report UU-CS-2001-43, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 2001. (PDF)

[Wagner et al., 2001]
Frank Wagner, Alexander Wolff, Vikas Kapoor, and Tycho Strijk. Three rules suffice for good label placement. Algorithmica, 30(2):334-349, 2001. (PDF)

[Wenyin et al., 2001]
Liu Wenyin, Susan Dumais, Yanfeng Sun, HongJiang Zhang, Mary Czerwinski, and Brent Field. Semi-automatic image annotation. Microsoft Strategy Paper?, 2001? (PDF)

[Wolff et al., 2001]
Alexander Wolff, Lars Knipping, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Pankaj K. Agarwal. A simple and efficient algorithm for high-quality line labeling. Technical Report UU-CS-2001-44, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 2001. (PDF)

[Zhu and Poon, 2001]
Binhai Zhu and Chung Keung Poon. Efficient approximation algorithms for two-label point labeling. Internat. J. Comput. Geom. Appl., 11(4):455-464, 2001. (PDF)

[Chirié, 2000]
Fran c cois Chirié. Automated name placement with high cartographic quality: City street maps. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 27(2):101-110, 2000.

[Doddi et al., 2000]
Srinivas Doddi, Madhav V. Marathe, and Bernard M.E. Moret. Point set labeling with specified positions. In Proc. 16th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'00), pages 182-190, 12-14 June 2000. (PostScript)

[Dorbes, 2000]
Alexandra Dorbes. Requirements for the implementation of automatic and manual label anti-overlap functions. Technical Report 035, Eurocontrol Experimental Centre, December 2000. (PDF)

[Klau and Mutzel, 2000]
Gunnar W. Klau and Petra Mutzel. Optimal labelling of point features in the slider model. In D.-Z. Du, P. Eades, V. Estivill-Castro, X. Lin, and A. Sharma, editors, Proc. 6th Annual Internat. Computing and Combinatorics Conf. (COCOON'00), volume 1858 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 340-350. Springer-Verlag, 26-28 July 2000. (PostScript) (PDF)

[Neyer and Wagner, 2000]
Gabriele Neyer and Frank Wagner. Labeling downtown. In Proc. Italian Conf. on Algorithms and Complexity (CIAC'00), volume 1767 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 113-125. Springer-Verlag, 2000. (PDF)

[Qin et al., 2000a]
Zhongping Qin, Alexander Wolff, Yinfeng Xu, and Binhai Zhu. New algorithms for two-label point labeling. In Mike Paterson, editor, Proc. 8th Annu. European Sympos. Algorithms (ESA'00), volume 1879 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 368-379. Springer-Verlag, 2000. (PDF)

[Qin et al., 2000b]
Zhongping Qin, Alexander Wolff, Yinfeng Xu, and Binhai Zhu. New algorithms for two-label point labeling. Technical Report HKUST-TCSC-2000-06, Hongkong University of Science and Technology, June 2000. (PostScript)

[Shneiderman and Kang, 2000]
Ben Shneiderman and Hyunmo Kang. Direct annotation: A drag-and-drop strategy for labeling photos. In E. Banissi, M. Bannatyne, C. Chen, F. Khosrowshahi, M. Sarfraz, and A. Ursyn, editors, Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. on Information Visualisation (IV'00), pages 88-95, 19-21 July 2000. (PDF)

[Strijk and van Kreveld, 2000]
Tycho Strijk and Marc van Kreveld. Practical extensions of point labeling in the slider model. Technical Report UU-CS-2000-08, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 2000. (PDF)

[Strijk et al., 2000]
Tycho Strijk, Bram Verweij, and Karen Aardal. Algorithms for maximum independent set applied to map labelling. Technical Report UU-CS-2000-22, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 2000. (PDF)

[Tatemura, 2000]
Junichi Tatemura. Dynamic label sampling on fisheye maps for information exploration. In Proc. Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI'00), 2000. (PDF)

[Thon et al., 2000]
Michael Thon, Alexander Wolff, and Yinfeng Xu. Ein neuer Algorithmus zur Beschriftung von Punkten mit je zwei Kreisen. In Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., editor, Tagungsband der Informatiktage'00, 27-28 October 2000.

[van Dijk et al., 2000]
Steven van Dijk, Dirk Thierens, and Mark de Berg. Scalability and efficiency of genetic algorithms for geometrical applications. In Marc Schoenauer, Kalyanmoy Deb, Gunter Rudolph, Xin Yao, Evelyne Lutton, Juan Julian Mercelo, and Hans-Paul Schwefel, editors, Proc. Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN VI), volume 1917 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 683-692. Springer-Verlag, September 2000. (PostScript)

[Wolff, 2000]
Alexander Wolff. A simple proof for the NP-hardness of edge labeling. Technical Report 11/2000, Institut für Mathematik und Informatik, Universität Greifswald, September 2000. (PDF)

[Wolff et al., 2000a]
Alexander Wolff, Lars Knipping, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Pankaj K. Agarwal. A simple and efficient algorithm for high-quality line labeling. In Peter M. Atkinson and David J. Martin, editors, Innovations in GIS VII: GeoComputation, chapter 11, pages 147-159. Taylor & Francis, 2000. (PDF)

[Wolff et al., 2000b]
Alexander Wolff, Michael Thon, and Yinfeng Xu. A better lower bound for two-circle point labeling. In D.T. Lee, editor, Proc. 11th Annu. Internat. Sympos. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC'00), volume 1969 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 422-431. Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Springer-Verlag, 18-20 December 2000. (PDF)

[Wood, 2000]
Clifford H. Wood. A descriptive and illustrated guide for type placement on small scale maps. The Cartographic Journal, 37(1):5-18, June 2000.

[Agarwal et al., 1999]
Pankaj K. Agarwal, Lars Knipping, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. A simple and efficient algorithm for high-quality line labeling. In Proc. 15th European Workshop Comput. Geom. (EWCG'99), pages 93-96. INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 1999.

[Chazelle and 36 co-authors, 1999]
Bernard Chazelle and 36 co-authors. The computational geometry impact task force report. In B. Chazelle, J. E. Goodman, and R. Pollack, editors, Advances in Discrete and Computational Geometry, volume 223, pages 407-463. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1999. (PostScript)

[Evermap, 1999]
Evermap. Evername--an advanced cartographic label-placement software for MapInfo Professional. url http://www.evermap.com/evername.htm, 1999.

[Fekete and Plaisant, 1999]
Jean-Daniel Fekete and Catharine Plaisant. Excentric labeling: Dynamic neighborhood labeling for data visualization. In Proc. Conf. on Human Factors in Computer Systems (CHI'99), pages 512-519. ACM New York, 1999. (PDF)

[Iturriaga, 1999]
Claudia Iturriaga. Map Labeling Problems. PhD thesis, School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 1999. (PostScript)

[Iturriaga and Lubiw, 1999]
Claudia Iturriaga and Anna Lubiw. Elastic labels around the perimeter of a map. In Proc. 8th Internat. Workshop on Algorithms and Data Structures (WADS'99), volume 1663 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 306-317. Springer-Verlag, 12-14 August 1999.

[Kim et al., 1999]
Sung Kwon Kim, Chan-Su Shin, and Tae-Cheon Yang. Labeling a rectilinear map with sliding labels. Technical Report HKUST-TCSC-1999-06, Hongkong University of Science and Technology, July 1999. (PostScript)

[Klau and Mutzel, 1999]
Gunnar W. Klau and Petra Mutzel. Combining graph labeling and compaction. In Proc. Symp. 7th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'99), volume 1731 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 27-37. Springer-Verlag, 15-19 September 1999. (PDF)

[MapText, 1999]
MapText. Label-EZ for automated cartographic text placement--a high-performance productivity tool for the mapping industry. url http://www.maptext.com, 1999.

[MicroImages, 1999]
MicroImages. Tntmips--the map and image processing system. url http://tnt.microimages.com/product/tntmips.htm, 1999.

[Miroshnikov and Tchepine, 1999]
Vladimir Miroshnikov and Evgueni Tchepine. A framework for name placement solving in GIS. In Proc. Workshop on Computer Science and Information Technologies (CSIT), pages 187-190, 1999. (PDF)

[Neyer and Wagner, 1999]
Gabriele Neyer and Frank Wagner. Labeling downtown. Technical Report TR-324, Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, May 1999. (PostScript)

[Petzold et al., 1999]
Ingo Petzold, Lutz Plümer, and Markus Heber. Label placement for dynamically generated screen maps. In Proc. 19th Internat. Cartographic Conf. (ICC'99), pages 893-903, Ottawa, Canada, 1999.

[Pun-Cheng and Shea, 1999]
Lilian Pun-Cheng and Geoffrey Y.K. Shea. Automatic bilingual name placement of 1:1000 map sheets of hong kong. In Proc. 19th Internat. Cartographic Conf. (ICC'99), pages 925-930, Ottawa, Canada, 1999.

[Raidl, 1999]
Günther Raidl. An evolutionary approach to point-feature label placement. In W. Banzhaf, J. Daida, A.E. Eiben, M.H. Garzon, V. Honavar, M. Jakiela, and R.E. Smith, editors, Proc. Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conf. (GECCO'99), page 807. Morgan Kaufmann, 1999.

[Strijk and van Kreveld, 1999a]
Tycho Strijk and Marc van Kreveld. Labeling a rectilinear map more efficiently. Inform. Process. Lett., 69(1):25-30, 1999.

[Strijk and van Kreveld, 1999b]
Tycho Strijk and Marc van Kreveld. Practical extensions of point labeling in the slider model. In Proc. 7th ACM Sympos. on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, pages 47-52, 5-6 November 1999.

[Strijk and Wolff, 1999]
Tycho Strijk and Alexander Wolff. Labeling points with circles. Technical Report B 99-08, Institut für Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, April 1999.

[van Dijk et al., 1999a]
Steven van Dijk, Dirk Thierens, and Mark de Berg. On the design of genetic algorithms for geographical applications. In W. Banzhaf, J. Daida, A.E. Eiben, M.H. Garzon, V. Honavar, M. Jakiela, and R.E. Smith, editors, Proc. Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conf. (GECCO'99), pages 188-195. Morgan Kaufmann, July 1999. (PostScript)

[van Dijk et al., 1999b]
Steven van Dijk, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Towards an evaluation of quality for label placement methods. In Proc. 19th Internat. Cartographic Conf. (ICC'99), pages 905-913, Ottawa, Canada, 1999. Internat. Cartographic Association. (PDF)

[van Kreveld et al., 1999]
Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Point labeling with sliding labels. Comput. Geom. Theory Appl., 13:21-47, 1999. (PDF)

[Verweij and Aardal, 1999]
Bram Verweij and Karen Aardal. An optimisation algorithm for maximum independent set with applications in map labelling. In J. Ne v set v ril, editor, Proc. 7th Annu. European Sympos. Algorithms (ESA'99), volume 1643 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 426-437. Springer-Verlag, 1999.

[Wolff, 1999]
Alexander Wolff. Automated Label Placement in Theory and Practice. PhD thesis, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, May 1999. (PDF)

[Wolff et al., 1999]
Alexander Wolff, Lars Knipping, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Pankaj K. Agarwal. A simple and efficient algorithm for high-quality line labeling. In David Martin and Fulong Wu, editors, Proc. GIS Research UK 7th Annual Conf. (GISRUK'99), pages 146-150. Department of Geography, University of Southampton, 14-16 April 1999.

[Yamamoto et al., 1999]
Missae Yamamoto, Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena, and Gilberto Cam^aara. Tabu search application for point features cartographic label placement problems. In Proc. Third Metaheuristics Internat. Conf. (MIC'99), 19-22 July 1999. (PDF)

[Zhu and Poon, 1999]
Binhai Zhu and Chung Keung Poon. Efficient approximation algorithms for multi-label map labeling. In A. Aggarwal and C. Pandu Rangan, editors, Proc. 10th Annu. Internat. Sympos. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC'99), volume 1741 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 143-152. Springer-Verlag, 1999.

[Agarwal et al., 1998a]
Pankaj K. Agarwal, Marc van Kreveld, and Subhash Suri. Label placement by maximum independent set in rectangles. Comput. Geom. Theory Appl., 11:209-218, 1998.

[Agarwal et al., 1998b]
Pankaj K. Agarwal, Marc van Kreveld, and Subhash Suri. Label placement by maximum independent set in rectangles. Technical Report UU-CS-1998-04, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 1998. (PDF)

[Barrault, 1998]
Mathieu Barrault. Le placement cartographique des écritures: résolution d'un problème à forte combinatoire et présentant un grand nombre de contraintes variées. PhD thesis, Marne-la-Vallée University, November 1998. (PostScript)

[Do u grusöz et al., 1998]
U u gur Do u grusöz, Konstantinos G. Kakoulis, Brendan Madden, and Ioannis G. Tollis. Edge labeling in the graph layout toolkit. In Proc. Symp. 6th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'98), volume 1547 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 356-363. Springer-Verlag, August 1998.

[ESR, 1998]
ESRI. Maplex--Automatic Cartographic Name Placement Software, 1998. (PDF)

[ESRI, 1998]
ESRI. MAPLEX---a fully automated cartographic name-placement software. url http://www.esri.com/software/maplex/, 1998.

[Fekete and Plaisant, 1998]
Jean-Daniel Fekete and Catharine Plaisant. Excentric labeling: Dynamic neighborhood labeling for data visualization. Technical Report CS-TR-3946, UMIACS-TR-98-59, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, 1998. (PostScript)

[Heber, 1998]
Markus Heber. Vorausberechnung reaktiver Datenstrukturen zur schnellen Beschriftung von Landkarten. Master's thesis, Institut für Informatik III, Universität Bonn, February 1998.

[Iturriaga and Lubiw, 1998]
Claudia Iturriaga and Anna Lubiw. Elastic labels on the perimeter of a rectangle. In Sue H. Whitesides, editor, Proc. Symp. 6th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'98), volume 1547 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 452-453. Springer-Verlag, 13-15 August 1998.

[Kakoulis and Tollis, 1998a]
Konstantinos G. Kakoulis and Ioannis G. Tollis. On the multiple label placement problem. In Proc. 10th Canadian Conf. Computational Geometry (CCCG'98), pages 66-67, Montréal, 1998. (PostScript)

[Kakoulis and Tollis, 1998b]
Konstantinos G. Kakoulis and Ioannis G. Tollis. A unified approach to labeling graphical features. In Proc. 14th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'98), pages 347-356, June 1998. (PostScript)

[Kashi, 1998]
Jyothi Kashi. Point feature name placement on high density maps with line feature interactions. Technical report, Department of Electrical and Computer Enginering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 1998.

[Khanna et al., 1998a]
Sanjeev Khanna, S. Muthukrishnan, and Mike Paterson. On approximating rectangle tiling and packing. In Proc. 9th Annual ACM-SIAM Sympos. on Discretre Algorithms (SODA'98), pages 384-393. ACM Press, January 1998.

[Khanna et al., 1998b]
Sanjeev Khanna, S. Muthukrishnan, and Mike Paterson. On approximating rectangle tiling and packing. Research Report CS-RR-339, Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK, March 1998. (PostScript)

[Knipping, 1998]
Lars Knipping. Beschriftung von Linienzügen. Master's thesis, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, November 1998. (PostScript)

[Li et al., 1998]
Jia Li, Catharine Plaisant, and Ben Shneiderman. Data object and label placement for information abundant visualizations. Technical Report CS-TR-3901, UMIACS-TR-98-28, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, 1998. (PostScript)

[Ozuna and Parafina, 1998]
Lettie Ozuna and Sonny Parafina. Improving feature labeling in ArcView. In Proc. GIS/LIS, 1998. To appear.

[Poon et al., 1998]
Chung Keung Poon, Binhai Zhu, and Francis Chin. A polynomial time solution for labeling a rectilinear map. Inform. Process. Lett., 65(4):201-207, 1998.

[Preuß, 1998]
Mike Preuß. Solving map labeling problems by means of evolution strategies. Master's thesis, Fachbereich Informatik, Universität Dortmund, February 1998. (PostScript)

[Raidl, 1998]
Günther Raidl. A genetic algorithm for labeling point features. In Proc. Internat. Conf. Imaging Science, Systems, and Technology (CISST'98), pages 189-196, Las Vegas, NV, 1998.

[Rumplmaier, 1998]
Wolfgang Rumplmaier. Optimierung von Labelanordnungen mit Genetischen Algorithmen und Simulated Annealing. Master's thesis, Institute of Computer Graphics, Vienna University of Technology, April 1998.

[Strijk and van Kreveld, 1998]
Tycho Strijk and Marc van Kreveld. Labeling a rectilinear map more efficiently. Technical Report UU-CS-1998-29, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 1998. (PDF)

[van Dijk et al., 1998]
Steven van Dijk, Dirk Thierens, and Mark de Berg. Robust genetic algorithms for high quality map labeling. Technical Report UU-CS-1998-41, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 1998. (PDF)

[van Kreveld et al., 1998a]
Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Point set labeling with sliding labels. In Proc. 14th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'98), pages 337-346, 7-10 June 1998. (PostScript)

[van Kreveld et al., 1998b]
Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff. Point set labeling with sliding labels. Technical Report UU-CS-1998-40, Department of Computer Science, Utrecht University, 1998. (PDF)

[Wagner and Wolff, 1998]
Frank Wagner and Alexander Wolff. A combinatorial framework for map labeling. In Sue H. Whitesides, editor, Proc. Symp. 6th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'98), volume 1547 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 316-331. Springer-Verlag, 13-15 August 1998. (PostScript)

[Agarwal et al., 1997]
Pankaj K. Agarwal, Marc van Kreveld, and Subhash Suri. Label placement by maximum independent set in rectangles. In Proc. 9th Canadian Conf. on Computational Geometry (CCCG'97), pages 233-238, 1997.

[Arikawa et al., 1997]
Masatoshi Arikawa, Yahiko Kambayashi, and Hiroshi Kai. Adaptive geographic information media using display agents for name placement. Journal of the Geographic Information Systems Association, 1997. in Japanese.

[Barrault, 1997]
Mathieu Barrault. An automated system for name placement which complies with cartographic quality criteria: The hydrographic network. In Proc. Conf. on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT'97), volume 1329 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 499-500. Springer-Verlag, 1997.

[Bern and Eppstein, 1997]
Marshall Bern and David Eppstein. Approximation algorithms for geometric problems. In Dorit S. Hochbaum, editor, Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems, pages 296-345. PWS Publishing Company, Boston, MA, 1997.

[Christensen et al., 1997]
Jon Christensen, Stacy Friedman, Joe Marks, and Stuart Shieber. Empirical testing of algorithms for variable-sized label placement. In Proc. 13th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'97), pages 415-417, 1997.

[Doddi et al., 1997]
Srinivas Doddi, Madhav V. Marathe, Andy Mirzaian, Bernard M.E. Moret, and Binhai Zhu. Map labeling and its generalizations. In Proc. 8th ACM-SIAM Sympos. on Discrete Algorithms (SODA'97), pages 148-157, 4-7 January 1997. (PostScript)

[Edmondson et al., 1997]
Shawn Edmondson, Jon Christensen, Joe Marks, and Stuart Shieber. A general cartographic labeling algorithm. Cartographica, 33(4):13-23, 1997. (PDF)

[Iturriaga and Lubiw, 1997a]
Claudia Iturriaga and Anna Lubiw. Elastic labels: The two-axis case. In Proc. Symp. 5th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'97), volume 1353 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 181-192. Springer-Verlag, 18-20 September 1997. (PostScript)

[Iturriaga and Lubiw, 1997b]
Claudia Iturriaga and Anna Lubiw. NP-hardness of some map labeling problems. Technical Report CS-97-18, University of Waterloo, Canada, 1997. (PostScript)

[Kakoulis and Tollis, 1997a]
Konstantinos G. Kakoulis and Ioannis G. Tollis. An algorithm for labeling edges of hierarchical drawings. In Proc. Symp. 5th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'97), volume 1353 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 169-180. Springer-Verlag, 1997. (PostScript)

[Kakoulis and Tollis, 1997b]
Konstantinos G. Kakoulis and Ioannis G. Tollis. On the edge label placement problem. In Proc. Symp. 4th Internat. Symp. on Graph Drawing (GD'96), volume 1190 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 241-256. Springer-Verlag, 1997. (PostScript)

[Kramer, 1997]
Joshua C. Kramer. Line feature label placement for ALPS5.0. unpublished manuscript, available at url http://paul.rutgers.edu/ jckramer/academics/Report/, 1997. (PostScript)

[Petzold and Plümer, 1997]
Ingo Petzold and Lutz Plümer. Plazierung der Beschriftung in dynamisch erzeugten Bildschirmkarten. Nachrichten aus dem Karten- und Vermessungswesen, (117):95-113, 1997.

[Poon et al., 1997]
Chung Keung Poon, Binhai Zhu, and Francis Chin. A polynomial time solution for labeling a rectilinear map. In Proc. 13th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'97), pages 451-453, 1997.

[Verner et al., 1997]
Oleg Verner, Roger Wainwright, and Dale Schoenefeld. Placing text labels on maps and diagrams using genetic algorithms with masking. INFORMS J. Computing, 9(3):266-275, 1997.

[Wagner and Wolff, 1997]
Frank Wagner and Alexander Wolff. A practical map labeling algorithm. Comput. Geom. Theory Appl., 7:387-404, 1997. (PostScript)

[Wang, 1997]
Jun Wang. Automated cartographic point-feature text placement. Technical report, Department of Electrical and Computer Enginering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 1997.

[Zoraster, 1997]
Steven Zoraster. Practical results using simulated annealing for point feature label placement. Cartography and GIS, 24(4):228-238, 1997.

[Bafna et al., 1996]
Vineet Bafna, Babu Narayanan, and R. Ravi. Nonoverlapping local alignments (weighted independent sets of axis-parallel rectangles). Discrete Applied Mathmatics, 71(1-3):41-53, 1996.

[Dent, 1996]
Borden D. Dent. Cartography, chapter 14. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, 1996.

[Djouadi, 1996]
Yassine Djouadi. Logique Possibiliste et Amélioration Génétique pour la Sélection et l'Agencement d'Objects Cartographiques. PhD thesis, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes d'Information, INSA, 1996.

[Freeman et al., 1996]
Herbert Freeman, Sean Marrinan, and Hitesh Chitalia. Automated labeling of soil survey maps. In Proc. ASPRS-ACSM Annual Convention, Baltimore, volume 1, pages 51-59, 1996.

[Gullapalli, 1996]
Vasantha Gullapalli. Computerized name placement for the line features of a map. Master's thesis, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 1996.

[Jolly, 1996]
Peter Jolly. Naming places, placing names. Mapping Awareness, 10:28-30, 1996.

[Petzold, 1996]
Ingo Petzold. Textplazierung in dynamisch erzeugten Karten. Master's thesis, Institut für Informatik III, Universität Bonn, December 1996.

[Pinto and Freeman, 1996]
Itzhak Pinto and Herbert Freeman. The feedback approach to cartographic areal text placement. In P. Perner, P. Wang, and A. Rosenfeld, editors, Advances in Structural and Syntactical Pattern Recognition, pages 341-350. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1996.

[Wolff and Strijk, 1996]
Alexander Wolff and Tycho Strijk. The Map-Labeling Bibliography. url http://i11www.ira.uka.de/map-labeling/bibliography, 1996.

[Abbasi, 1995]
Fauzia Abbasi. Automated cartographic name placement for high-density point features. Technical report, Department of Electrical and Computer Enginering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 1995.

[Achilles, 1995]
Alf-Christian Achilles. The collection of computer science bibliographies. url http://liinwww.ira.uka.de/bibliography/, 1995.

[Alexander and Hantman, 1995]
David H. Alexander and Carl S. Hantman. Automating linear text placement within dense feature networks. In Proc. Auto-Carto 12, pages 311-320. ACSM/ASPRS, Bethesda, 1995. (PDF)

[Bafna et al., 1995a]
Vineet Bafna, Babu Narayanan, and R. Ravi. Nonoverlapping local alignments (weighted independent sets of axis parallel rectangles). Technical Report 95-36, DIMACS, 9 August 1995. (PostScript)

[Bafna et al., 1995b]
Vineet Bafna, Babu O. Narayanan, and R. Ravi. Non-overlapping local alignments (weighted independent sets of axis parallel rectangles). In Selim G. Akl, Frank K. H. A. Dehne, Jörg-Rüdiger Sack, and Nicola Santoro, editors, Proc. 4th Internat. Workshop on Algorithms and Data Structures (WADS'95), volume 955 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 506-517. Springer-Verlag, 16-18 August 1995.

[Barrault and Lecordix, 1995]
Mathieu Barrault and Fran c cois Lecordix. An automated system for linear feature name placement which complies with cartographic quality criteria. In Proc. Auto-Carto 12, pages 321-330. ACSM/ASPRS, Bethesda, 1995. (PDF)

[Christensen, 1995]
Jon Christensen. Managing Design Complexity: Using Stochastic Optimization in the Production of Computer Graphics. PhD thesis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, June 1995.

[Christensen et al., 1995]
Jon Christensen, Joe Marks, and Stuart Shieber. An empirical study of algorithms for point-feature label placement. ACM Trans. Graphics, 14(3):203-232, 1995. (PDF)

[Freeman, 1995]
Herbert Freeman. On the automated labeling of maps. In D. Dori and A. Bruckstein, editors, Shape, Structure and Pattern Recognition, pages 432-442. World Scientific, Singapore, 1995.

[Kresse, 1995]
Wolfgang Kresse. Schriftplazierung in ATKIS. Nachrichten aus dem Karten- und Vermessungswesen, (113):147-154, 1995.

[Marathe et al., 1995]
Madhav V. Marathe, Heinz Breu, Harry B. Hunt III, S.S. Ravi, and Daniel J. Rosenkrantz. Simple heuristics for unit disk graphs. Networks, 25:59-68, 1995.

[Marrinan, 1995]
Sean Marrinan. Automated label placement of soil survey maps. Technical Report CE-125, Department of Electrical and Computer Enginering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 1995.

[Robinson et al., 1995]
Arthur H. Robinson, Joel L. Morrison, Phillip C. Muehrcke, A. Jon Kimerling, and Stephen C. Guptill. Elements of Cartography, chapter 22. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995.

[Schmidt, 1995]
Vasco Alexander Schmidt. Reine Forschung, praktische Resultate. Newspaper article in Die Zeit, 28 April 1995. (PostScript)

[Schwarzenecker, 1995]
Erik Schwarzenecker. Ein NP-schweres Plazierungsproblem. PhD thesis, Technische Fakultät der Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, 1995.

[Wagner and Wolff, 1995a]
Frank Wagner and Alexander Wolff. An efficient and effective approximation algorithm for the map labeling problem. In Paul Spirakis, editor, Proc. 3rd Annu. European Sympos. Algorithms (ESA'95), volume 979 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 420-433. Springer-Verlag, 25-27 September 1995. (PostScript)

[Wagner and Wolff, 1995b]
Frank Wagner and Alexander Wolff. Fast and reliable map labeling. In Proc. 9th Internat. Sympos. on Computer Science for Environment Protection (CSEP'95), pages 667-675. Metropolis, 1995. (PostScript)

[Wagner and Wolff, 1995c]
Frank Wagner and Alexander Wolff. Map labeling heuristics: Provably good and practically useful. In Proc. 11th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'95), pages 109-118, 1995. (PostScript)

[Wagner and Wolff, 1995d]
Frank Wagner and Alexander Wolff. Map labeling heuristics: Provably good and practically useful. Technical Report B 95-04, Institut für Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, April 1995. (PostScript)

[Wolff, 1995]
Alexander Wolff. Map labeling. Master's thesis, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, May 1995. (PostScript)

[Arikawa et al., 1994]
Masatoshi Arikawa, Hideyo Kawakita, and Yahiko Kambayashi. Dynamic maps as composite views of varied geographic database servers. In Proc. First Internat. Conf. on Applications of Databases, volume 819 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 142-157. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

[Baker, 1994]
Brenda S. Baker. Approximation algorithms for NP-complete problems on planar graphs. J. ACM, 41:153-180, 1994.

[Beus and Crockett, 1994]
D. Beus and D. Crockett. Automated production of 1:24,000 scale quadrangle maps. In Proc. ASPRS/ACSM Annual Convention and Exposition 1, pages 94-99, 1994.

[Christensen et al., 1994]
Jon Christensen, Joe Marks, and Stuart Shieber. Placing text labels on maps and diagrams. In Paul Heckbert, editor, Graphics Gems IV, pages 497-504. Academic Press, Boston, MA, 1994. (PDF)

[Djouadi, 1994]
Yassine Djouadi. Cartage: A cartographic layout system based on genetic algorithms. In Proc. EGIS'94, pages 48-56, 1994.

[Feigenbaum, 1994]
Mitchell Feigenbaum. Method and apparatus for automatically generating symbol images against a background image without collision utilizing distance-dependent attractive and repulsive forces in a computer simulation. U.S. Patent #5,355,314. Assigned to Hammond Inc., Maplewood, New Jersey. Patent filed 11/5/93, received 10/11/94, 1994.

[Freeman et al., 1994]
Herbert Freeman, Mehul Pandya, and Aruna Vedula. Automatic labeling of area features in soil survey maps. In Proc. 9th GRASS Conf., March 1994.

[Hunt III et al., 1994]
Harry B. Hunt III, Madhav V. Marathe, Venkatesh Radhakrishnan, S.S. Ravi, Daniel J. Rosenkrantz, and Richard E. Stearns. A unified approach to approximation schemes for NP- and PSPACE-hard problems for geometric graphs. In Proc. 2nd Annu. European Sympos. Algorithms (ESA'94), volume 855 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 424-435. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

[Kresse, 1994]
Wolfgang Kresse. Plazierung von Schrift in Karten. PhD thesis, Hohe Landwirtschaftliche Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, May 1994. Available as volume 23 of the preprint series of the Institute of Cartography and Geoinformation.

[Lecordix et al., 1994]
F. Lecordix, Corinne Plazanet, F. Chirié, J.P. Lagrange, T. Banel, and Y. Cras. Placement automatique des écritures d'une carte avec une qualité cartographique. In Proc. EGIS'94, pages 22-32, 1994.

[Marrot, 1994]
J.M. Marrot. Positionnement automatique des kilométrages. Master's thesis, DESS, 1994.

[Mills, 1994]
William Mills. Practical considerations in name placement: A defence of Pinhas Yoeli. Cartographica, 31(4):58-62, 1994.

[Pandya, 1994]
Mehul S. Pandya. Automated name-placement of soil survey maps. Technical Report CE-103, Department of Electrical and Computer Enginering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 1994.

[Pinto, 1994]
Itzhak Pinto. Area name placement for automated cartography. Technical Report CE-104, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0909, 1994.

[Vedula, 1994]
Aruna Ashtakala Vedula. Automatic positioning of area-feature names on special purpose maps. Technical Report CE-101, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 1994.

[Wagner, 1994]
Frank Wagner. Approximate map labeling is in Omega (n log n). Inform. Process. Lett., 52(3):161-165, 1994.

[Weber et al., 1994]
Gerald Weber, Lars Knipping, and Helmut Alt. An application of point pattern matching in astronautics. Journal of Symbolic Computation, 17:321-340, 1994.

[Arikawa and Kambayashi, 1993]
Masatoshi Arikawa and Yahiko Kambayashi. Dynamic maps as views of geographic databases. In Proc. First Internat. Workshop on Mobile Multimedia Communications, pages C.1.6-1-C.1.6-4, December 1993.

[Arikawa et al., 1993]
Masatoshi Arikawa, Hideyo Kawakita, and Yahiko Kambayashi. An environment for generating interactive maps with compromises between users' requirements and limitations of display screens. Trans. Journal of the Geographic Information Systems Association, 2, March 1993. in Japanese.

[Barrault, 1993]
Mathieu Barrault. Placement automatique des toponymes sur le réseau routier au million. Master's thesis, DEA, 1993.

[Christensen et al., 1993]
Jon Christensen, Joe Marks, and Stuart Shieber. Algorithms for cartographic label placement. In Proc. American Congress on Surveying and Mapping 1, pages 75-89, 1993.

[Consorti et al., 1993]
V. Consorti, L.P. Cordella, and M. Iaccarino. Automated lettering of cadastral maps. In Proc. Internat. Conf. on Document Analysis and Recognition, pages 129-132, 1993.

[Formann and Wagner, 1993]
Michael Formann and Frank Wagner. An efficient solution to Knuth's METAFONT labeling problem. Manuscript available at url http://i11www.ira.uka.de/map-labeling/papers/fw-eskml-93.ps.gz, 1993. Fachbereich Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin. (PostScript)

[Forrest, 1993]
D. Forrest. Expert systems and cartographic design. The Cartographic Journal, 30:143-148, 1993.

[Ku v cera et al., 1993]
Ludek Ku v cera, Kurt Mehlhorn, Bettina Preis, and Erik Schwarzenecker. Exact algorithms for a geometric packing problem. In Proc. 10th Sympos. on Theoretical Aspects in Computer Science (STACS'93), volume 665 of Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., pages 317-322. Springer-Verlag, 1993.

[Mower, 1993]
James E. Mower. Automated feature and name placement on parallel computers. Cartography and GIS, 20(2):69-82, 1993.

[Preis, 1993]
Bettina Preis. Ein NP-vollständiges Plazierungsproblem. Master's thesis, Fachbereich Informatik, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, February 1993.

[Wagner, 1993]
Frank Wagner. Approximate map labeling is in Omega (n log n). Technical Report B 93-18, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, December 1993. (PostScript)

[Chirié, 1992]
F. Chirié. Programme de positionnement automatique des noms de communes. Master's thesis, COGIT, IGN, Paris, 1992.

[Christensen et al., 1992]
Jon Christensen, Joe Marks, and Stuart Shieber. Labeling point features on maps and diagrams. Technical Report TR-25-92, Harvard CS, 1992. (PDF)

[Doerschler and Freeman, 1992]
Jeffrey S. Doerschler and Herbert Freeman. A rule-based system for dense-map name placement. Commun. ACM, 35:68-79, 1992.

[Formann, 1992]
Michael Formann. Algorithms for Geometric Packing and Scaling Problems. PhD thesis, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, 1992. (PostScript)

[Knuth and Raghunathan, 1992]
Donald E. Knuth and Arvind Raghunathan. The problem of compatible representatives. SIAM J. Discr. Math., 5(3):422-427, 1992.

[Marathe et al., 1992]
Madhav V. Marathe, Harry B. Hunt III, and S.S. Ravi. Geometry based approximations for intersection graphs. In Proc. 4th Canad. Conf. on Computational Geometry, pages 244-249, 1992.

[Arikawa and Kambayashi, 1991]
Masatoshi Arikawa and Yahiko Kambayashi. Dynamic name placement functions for interactive map systems. The Australian Computer Journal, 23(4):133-147, 1991.

[Formann and Wagner, 1991a]
Michael Formann and Frank Wagner. A packing problem with applications to lettering of maps. In Proc. 7th Annu. ACM Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'91), pages 281-288, 1991.

[Formann and Wagner, 1991b]
Michael Formann and Frank Wagner. A packing problem with applications to lettering of maps. Technical Report B 91-04, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, March 1991.

[Freeman, 1991]
Herbert Freeman. Computer name placement. In D.J. Maguire, M.F. Goodchild, and D.W. Rhind, editors, Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Applications, pages 445-456. Longman, London, 1991.

[Jones et al., 1991]
Christopher B. Jones, Anthony C. Cook, and J.E. McBride. Rule-based control of automated name placement. In Mapping the Nations, volume 1. Internat. Cartographic Association, 1991.

[Kojiro et al., 1991]
Nobuhiko Kojiro, Ken'ichi Miura, Hiroshi Imai, and Yahiko Kambayashi. Performance evaluation of automatic name placement functions for geographical information systems. In Proc. 2nd Internat. Sympos. on Database Systems for Advanced Applications (DASFAA'91), pages 491-497, 1991.

[Kuhfeld, 1991]
Warren F. Kuhfeld. A heuristic procedure for label placement in scatterplots. 1991.

[Marks and Shieber, 1991]
Joe Marks and Stuart Shieber. The computational complexity of cartographic label placement. Technical Report TR-05-91, Harvard CS, 1991. (PDF)

[Wu and Buttenfield, 1991]
Chyan Victor Wu and Barbara Pfeil Buttenfield. Reconsidering rules for point-feature name placement. Cartographica, 28(1):10-27, 1991.

[Zoraster, 1991]
Steven Zoraster. Expert systems and the map label placement problem. Cartographica, 28(1):1-9, 1991.

[Cook and Jones, 1990a]
Anthony C. Cook and Christopher B. Jones. A Prolog interface to a cartographic database for name placement. In Proc. 4th Internat. Sympos. on Spatial Data Handling (SDH'90), pages 701-710, 1990.

[Cook and Jones, 1990b]
Anthony C. Cook and Christopher B. Jones. A Prolog rule-based system for cartographic name placement. Computer Graphics Forum, 9(2):109-126, 1990.

[Ebinger and Goulette, 1990]
Leo R. Ebinger and Ann M. Goulette. Noninteractive automated names placement for the 1990 decennial census. Cartography and GIS, 17(1):69-78, 1990.

[Jones, 1990]
Christopher B. Jones. Conflict resolution in cartographic name placement with Prolog. Computer Aided Design, 22(3):173-183, 1990.

[Zoraster, 1990]
Steven Zoraster. The solution of large 0-1 integer programming problems encountered in automated cartography. Operations Research, 38(5):752-759, 1990.

[Aonuma et al., 1989]
Hiromi Aonuma, Hiroshi Imai, and Yahiko Kambayashi. A visual system of placing characters appropriately in multimedia map databases. In T. L. Kunii, editor, Proc. IFIP TC 2/WG 2.6 Working Conf. on Visual Database Systems, pages 525-546. North-Holland, 1989.

[Christen, 1989]
L. Christen. The influence of position rankings on point name placement for manually produced road maps. Master's thesis, Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, 1989.

[Doerschler and Freeman, 1989]
Jeffrey S. Doerschler and Herbert Freeman. An expert system for dense-map name placement. In Proc. Auto-Carto 9, pages 215-224, 1989. (PDF)

[Drinnan et al., 1989]
C. Drinnan, C.G. Mattair, and S.E. Luckey. An interactive expert editing system for nomenclature placement. In Technical Papers of the 1989 ASPRS/ACSM Annual Convention, volume 5, pages 221-230, 1989.

[Ebinger and Goulette, 1989]
Leo R. Ebinger and Ann M. Goulette. Automated name placement in a non-interactive environment. In Proc. Auto-Carto 9, pages 205-214, 1989. (PDF)

[Johnson and Basoglu, 1989]
David S. Johnson and Umit Basoglu. The use of artificial intelligence in the automated placement of cartographic names. In Proc. Auto-Carto 9, pages 225-230, 1989. (PDF)

[Jones, 1989]
Christopher Jones. Cartographic name placement with Prolog. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, 9(5):36-47, 1989.

[Jones and Cook, 1989]
Christopher B. Jones and Anthony C. Cook. Rule-based name placement with Prolog. In Proc. Auto-Carto 9, pages 231-240, 1989. (PDF)

[Mower, 1989]
James E. Mower. The Selection, Implementation, and Evaluation of Heuristics for Automated Name Placement. PhD thesis, The State University of New York at Buffalo, 1989.

[Sester, 1989]
Monika Sester. SCRIBO - ein Programm zur Plazierung von Schriften. Nachrichten aus dem Karten- und Vermessungswesen, (103):105-111, 1989.

[van Roessel, 1989]
Jan W. van Roessel. An algorithm for locating candidate labeling boxes within a polygon. The American Cartographer, 16(3):201-209, 1989.

[Wu, 1989]
Chyan Victor Wu. Verification of rules for name placement of maps. Master's thesis, Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, 1989.

[Aonuma, 1988]
Hiromi Aonuma. Character displaying in geographical information processing. Master's thesis, Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Kyushu University, 1988. in Japanese.

[Cook, 1988]
A.C. Cook. Automated Cartographic Name Placement Using Rule-Based Systems. PhD thesis, Polytechnic of Wales, 1988.

[Freeman, 1988]
Herbert Freeman. An expert system for the automatic placement of names on a geographic map. Information Sciences, 45:367-378, 1988.

[Kato and Imai, 1988]
T. Kato and H. Imai. The NP-completeness of the character placement problem of 2 or 3 degrees of freedom. In Record of Joint Conf. of Electrical and Electronic Engineers in Kyushu, page 1138, 1988. In Japanese.

[Carstensen, 1987]
L. Carstensen. A comparison of simple mathematical approaches to the placement of spot symbols. Cartographica, 24(3):46-63, 1987.

[Doerschler, 1987a]
Jeffrey S. Doerschler. A Rule-Based System for Dense-Map Name Placement. PhD thesis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181, 1987.

[Doerschler, 1987b]
Jeffrey S. Doerschler. A rule-based system for dense-map name placement. Technical Report SR-006, Center for Computer Aids for Industrial Productivity, Rutgers University, Piscataway, N.J. 08855-1390, 1987.

[Freeman and Ahn, 1987]
Herbert Freeman and John Ahn. On the problem of placing names in a geographic map. Internat. J. of Pattern Recog. and Art. Intell., 1(1):121-140, 1987.

[Noma, 1987]
E. Noma. Heuristic method for label placement in scatterplots. Psychometrika, 52(3):463-468, 1987.

[van Roessel, 1987]
Jan W. van Roessel. An algorithm for locating candidate labeling boxes within a polygon. In Proc. Auto-Carto 8, pages 689-700, 1987. (PDF)

[Zoraster and Bayer, 1987]
Steven Zoraster and Stephen Bayer. Practical experience with a map label placement program. In Proc. Auto-Carto 8, pages 701-708, 1987. (PDF)

[Cromley, 1986]
Robert G. Cromley. A spatial allocation analysis of the point annotation problem. In Proc. 2nd Internat. Sympos. on Spatial Data Handling (SDH'86), pages 38-49, 1986.

[Imai and Asano, 1986]
Hiroshi Imai and Takao Asano. Efficient algorithms for geometric graph search problems. SIAM Journal on Computing, 15(2):478-494, 1986.

[Kuhfeld, 1986]
Warren F. Kuhfeld. Metric and nonmetric plotting models. Psychometrika, 51:155-161, 1986.

[Langran and Poiker, 1986]
Gail E. Langran and Thomas K. Poiker. Integration of name selection and name placement. In Proc. 2nd Internat. Sympos. Spatial Data Handling (SDH'86), pages 50-64, 1986.

[Mower, 1986]
James E. Mower. Name placement of point features through constraint propagation. In Proc. 2nd Internat. Sympos. on Spatial Data Handling (SDH'86), pages 65-73, 1986.

[Zoraster, 1986]
Steven Zoraster. Integer programming applied to the map label placement problem. Cartographica, 23(3):16-27, 1986.

[Cromley, 1985]
Robert G. Cromley. An LP relaxation procedure for annotating point features using interactive graphics. In Proc. Auto-Carto 7, pages 127-132, 1985. (PDF)

[Doerschler, 1985a]
Jeffrey S. Doerschler. Data structures required for overlap detection in an expert map name placement system. Technical Report IPL-TR-077, Image Processing Laboratory, Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181, 1985.

[Doerschler, 1985b]
Jeffrey S. Doerschler. Map data production for an expert name placement system. Technical Report IPL-TR-073, Image Processing Laboratory, Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181, 1985.

[Eastman, 1985]
J.R. Eastman. Names placement and positional recall of map information. In Proc. Auto-Carto 7, Digital Presentations of Spatial Knowledge, pages 474-482, 1985.

[Freeman, 1985]
Herbert Freeman. The automatic labeling of geographic maps --- A problem in computer aesthetics. In Graphics Interface '85, pages 273-281, May 1985.

[Hochbaum and Maass, 1985]
Dorit S. Hochbaum and Wolfgang Maass. Approximation schemes for covering and packing problems in image processing and VLSI. J. ACM, 32:130-136, 1985.

[Nastelin, 1985]
J. Nastelin. Optimization of baseline determination for area map annotation. Technical Report IPL-TR-078, Image Processing Lab., ECSE Dept., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institue, Troy, NY 12181, 1985.

[Pfefferkorn et al., 1985]
C. Pfefferkorn, D. Burr, D. Harrison, B. Heckman, C. Oresky, and J. Rothermel. ACES: A cartographic expert system. In Proc. Auto-Carto 7, pages 399-407, 1985. (PDF)

[Ahn, 1984a]
John Ahn. Automatic Map Name Placement System. PhD thesis, Renselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1984.

[Ahn, 1984b]
John Ahn. Automatic name placement system. Technical Report IPL-TR-063, Image Processing Laboratory, Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181, 1984.

[Ahn and Freeman, 1984a]
John Ahn and Herbert Freeman. AUTONAP---an expert system for automatic map name placement. In Proc. Internat. Sympos. Spatial Data Handling (SDH'84), pages 544-569, 1984.

[Ahn and Freeman, 1984b]
John Ahn and Herbert Freeman. A program for automatic name placement. Cartographica, 21(2-3):101-109, 1984.

[Basoglu, 1984]
Umit Basoglu. A New Approach to Automated Name Placement Systems. PhD thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1984.

[Destandeau, 1984]
C. Destandeau. Essai de positionnement automatique de numéros sur un réseau routier. Master's thesis, IGN, 1984.

[Lacroix, 1984]
V. Lacroix. An improved area-feature name placement. Technical Report IPL-TR-064, Image Processing Lab., ECSE Dept., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12181, 1984.

[Lee, 1984]
Zhong Lee. Automatic name placement of Canadian census map. Technical report, Department of Electrical and Computer Enginering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 1984.

[Ahn and Freeman, 1983a]
John Ahn and Herbert Freeman. The name placement problem for maps. Technical Report IPL-TR-043, Image Processing Laboratory, Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181, 1983.

[Ahn and Freeman, 1983b]
John Ahn and Herbert Freeman. A program for automatic name placement. In Proc. Auto-Carto 6, pages 444-453, 1983. (PDF)

[Balodis, 1983]
M. Balodis. Positioning of typography on maps. In ACSM Fall Convention, pages 28-44, 1983.

[Freeman, 1983]
Herbert Freeman. Map data processing and the annotation problem. In Proc. 3rd Skandinavian Conf. Image Analysis, 1983.

[Imai and Asano, 1983]
Hiroshi Imai and Takao Asano. Finding the connected components and a maximum clique of an intersection graph of rectangles in the plane. Journal on Algorithms, 4:310-323, 1983.

[Basoglu, 1982]
Umit Basoglu. A new approach to automated name placement. In Proc. Auto-Carto 5, pages 103-112, 1982. (PDF)

[Greggains, 1982a]
A. Greggains. Automated name placement. Cartographica, 19(2):133-135, 1982.

[Greggains, 1982b]
A. Greggains. A strategy for name placement. Unpublished, 1982.

[Hirsch, 1982]
Stephen A. Hirsch. An algorithm for automatic name placement around point data. The American Cartographer, 9(1):5-17, 1982.

[Hirsch and Glick, 1982]
Stephen A. Hirsch and Barry J. Glick. Design issues for an intelligent names processing system. In Proc. Auto-Carto 5, pages 337-346, 1982. (PDF)

[Imai, 1982]
Hiroshi Imai. Finding connected components of an intersection graph of squares in the euclidian plane. Inform. Process. Lett., 15(3):125-128, 1982.

[Lewis, 1982]
G.E. Lewis. Automated point labeling for geographic data bases. Master's thesis, Department of Geography, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, 1982.

[Fowler et al., 1981]
Robert J. Fowler, Michael S. Paterson, and Steven L. Tanimoto. Optimal packing and covering in the plane are NP-complete. Inform. Process. Lett., 12(3):133-137, 1981.

[Hirsch, 1980]
Stephen A. Hirsch. An algorithm for automated placement of point data. Master's thesis, Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, 1980.

[Kelly, 1980]
P.C. Kelly. Automated positioning of feature names on maps. Master's thesis, Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 1980.

[Morrison, 1980]
Joel L. Morrison. Computer technology and cartographic change. In D.R.F. Taylor, editor, The Computer in Contemporary Cartography. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980.

[Imhof, 1975]
Eduard Imhof. Positioning names on maps. The American Cartographer, 2(2):128-144, 1975.

[Boyle, 1974]
A. Raymond Boyle. Report on symbol and name manipulation and placement. Technical report, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada, 1974.

[Boyle, 1973]
A. Raymond Boyle. Computer aided map compilation. Technical report, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada, 1973.

[Wilkie, 1973]
W.T. Wilkie. Computerized cartographic name processing. Master's thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada, 1973.

[Yoeli, 1972]
Pinhas Yoeli. The logic of automated map lettering. The Cartographic Journal, 9:99-108, 1972.

[Hodgkiss, 1966]
A.G. Hodgkiss. Lettering maps for book illustration. The Cartographer, 3:42-46, 1966.

[Alinhac, 1962]
Georges Alinhac. Cartographie Théorique et Technique, chapter IV. Institut Géographique National, Paris, 1962.

[Imhof, 1962]
Eduard Imhof. Die Anordnung der Namen in der Karte. In Internat. Yearbook of Cartography, pages 93-129. Kirschbaum, 1962.

Back to the Labeling Homepage.
Last update: Jun 10, 2009
Alexander Wolff